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1. M. TAYLOR. METHOD OF PARCHMENTIZING FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24. 19!?- QHHHH@ I .HMHH@HH@HHHHMMH@WH@ UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. TAYLOR, OF RADNOR, PENNSYLVANIA, AS'SIGNOR TO DIAMOND STATEFIBRE COMPANY,,OE BRIDGEPORT, PENNSYLVANIA, A GORPORATIGN OFPENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF PARCIEMENIIZING FABRIC.

Specification of Letters Ifatent.

Patented Aug. 24, 1920.

- Application filed July 24, 1917. Serial No. 182,452.

a process for so treating a parchmentized web or laminated parchmentizedwebs to remove the parchmentizing chemicals, as to avoid theobjectionable results of shrinkage, which shall permit of a materialshortening of the length of the washing apparatus required, and whichshall permit the'amount of wash water tobe reduced to a minimum with aView to facilitating as well as cheapening its subsequent concentration.

These objects and other advantageous ends I secure as hereinafter setforth, reference being had to the accompanying draw ings, in'which,

Figure 1 is a plan to some extent diagrammatic, illustrating one formof' apparatus for carrying out my invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2-2, Fig. 1, furtherillustrating the'apparatus preferably employed; and I i Fig. 3 is anelevation of a detail of the mechanism preferably employed in carryingout my invention. a

In the above drawings, 16 represent tanks designed to containindependent bodies of wash water. The first tank is provided with meansfor supporting two reels or spools 7 and 8 and likewise contains guiderollers 9, 10, 11, 12, etc, for directing a web of parchmentizedmaterialv toor from either of saidrolls. Each of the tanks 2-6 containsa greater or less number of upper guide rollers 13 and lowerguide-rollers 141,.

so arranged that a web passed around them will be alternately directedup and down through the wash water Wlthllltllflil.

The tanks 3 and 4 respectively provide means for supporting a pair ofrcels or winding rolls l5 and 16 and the tank 6 also supports a reel orroll 17 it: being understood that there may be any number of tanksorsets of tanks, ofwhich the end tanks of each set have mounted adjacenttheir outer ends means for supporting a reel in such position that itshall beimmediately adjacent a similar reel, at the end of an adjacentset of tanks. Any desired ineans is provided for driving any of thereels at will and while I have illustrated a system'of belts with thenecessary shafts and pulleys, itis obvious that any suitable drivingmeans or source of power may be employed for this purpose; it beingnoted however that such driving means should preferably includemechanism suchas the differential gear 20 wherebythe speed of eachdriven reel is varied or permitted to vary in accordance with thechanges in the diameter of the roll of material upon it.

Under conditions of operation a web madeup of one or more thicknesses ofpaper or p similar material is run through a bath of parchmentizingliquid and is thereafter acted on-in the usual manner by one or moreheated rollers, from which it is directed to the reel'7, for example.After any desired length of this parchmentized web has been wound uponsaid reel it is cut and its end coming from the heated rolls is directedto a second reel 8 upon which the winding is continued. The end of theweb on the first reel is thereupon directedover suitable rolls to theguide roll 12 and thence to the first of the top rolls 13 of the tank 2,from whence it is carried successively down and up around the others ofthe guide rolls 14land 13-through the water in said tank, It

is then passed to the guide rolls of the tank 3 and its end is finallycarried to and wound upon the reel 15 whichis turned by power.

Washwater is supplied to all of the tanks. so that the first length ofthe parchmentized web in passing through 'the'water in the first seriesof tanks, is partially freed from the parchmentizing chemicalswhich itcontains, it being notedthat after the web has passed through the waterit carries a certain amount of the same with it when wound reel and isapplied to the latter reel so that 7 said web is drawn back from thereel 15 through the wash water in the tanks 3 and. 2. This passage ofthe web alternately in opposite directions through the tanks 2 and 3 isrepeated as often as is required to bring the strength of theparchmentizing solution in the web to the same or approximately the samestrength as that of the wash water,

lVhen this condition is found to exist, the web is completely wound onthe reel 15, from whence it is carried to the reel 16, which is thendriven so as to draw said web from the reel 15. At the time a secondlength of web is run from the reel '4' on to the reel 8.

hen all of the first length of web has been wound upon the reel 16, itis led over the first of the upper rollers 13 of the tank 4 and thencesuccessively around the other lower and upper rollers in this and in thetanks 5 and 6, until its end is connected to the spindle of the reel 17.These last three tanks are likewise filled with wash water and obviouslythe movement through them of the partly washed web causes furtheramounts of the remaining parchmentizing chemicals to be removedtherefrom.

As in the case of the first washing, when practically all of this firstweb has. been wound upon the reel 17, the latter is disconnected fromthe source of power and the reel 16 is driven so as to draw back the webthrough the wash water in the tanks 6, 5 and 4. This operation isrepeated until the strength of the parchmentizing solution throughoutthe body of the web is substan tially the same as that of the wash waterin these tanks.

At the same time a second length of web from the parchmentizing tanksand rollers is being given its first washing in the tanks 2 and 3 aspreviously described. Obviously there may be as many sets of tanks andreels in addition to those illustrated as may be desired, although Ihave found that for the treatment of webs in the neighborhood ofone-sixteenth of an inch and less in thickness, two or at the most threesets of washing tanksis sufficient. Moreover, the web of tanks until thechemicals in it are removed to the extent above indicaed.

As the treatment of successive lengths of parchmentized web iscontinued, the wash water in the various sets of tanks receivesincreasing amounts of parchmentizing chemicals, the liquid in the tanks2 and 3 naturally being the most concentrated and that, in the remainderof the tanks decreasing inf concentration, depending upon their distancefrom the first set of tanks.

After the concentration of the wash water in the first series of tankshas reached the desired point, it is drawn off and evaporated so that itmay be used either directly or with the addition of suitable materials,in parchmentizing new bodies of paper web or other material. The liquidremoved from the tanks 2 and 3 is then replaced by the Weaker .solutionin the tanked, 5 and 6,

less contaminated, I am enabled to materially increase the speed ofoperation, reduce the length of the washing plant as a -whole andefiiciently obtain more or less concentrated solutions which may beadvantageously evaporated torrecover the chemi-' cals they contain.

Aswill be understood by those skilled in the art, after the web has beensufficiently washed, it is dried or otherwise prepared for use,

Another advantage of the invention resides in the freedom of the webtoshrink during the washing operation without in any way interfering withthe performance of the apparatus, for it is obvious that any changes inthe length or tension of said Web, occurring while it is being drawn,through the tanks, can at most have no effect other than to cause'avariation in the speed of revolution of the roll from which it isbeingdrawn. As the driven roll increasesin diameter and therefore tendsto increase the tension on the web, the differential gearallows rotationof the roller shaft relatively: to the driving pulley, to an extentsufiicient to make upor compensate for, such increase of diameter.

In the present case the frame of the differential gear is driven fromthe source of power through a supporting shaft 35 to which is securedand has loosely mounted upon it a beveled pinion which meshes with apair of beveled gears 31 and 32, respectively fixed to two pulleys 3.3and 34:,

shownin Fig. l and loosely rotatable upon is run back and forth throu han one set the supporting shaft 35. One of these pulleys, as 33, througha suitable; belt, drives the tank rollers 13 while the other 34 drives.the reel upon which the parclnnentized web is. wound. In a typical casethe diameter of the roll driven by this latter pulley varies fromtwenty-two inches to sixty inches and the differential gear forms. abalancing element whereby this roll decreases in speed with theincreased speed of the web so as to maintain an even tension thereon atall times, regardless of the increased diameter of the roll upon whichsaid web. is being wound.

It will be understood that in addition to the differential gear foreach, of the rolls, the latter each has a clutch 21 whereby it may beconnected to or disconnected from r the main driving shaft or source ofpower.

I claim;--. V l. The method: which consists in treatlng a Web with aparchmentizing liquid; and thereafter repeatedly passing said webthrough a body of Washing liquid until the strength ofthe liquid Withinthe body of the web is substantially the same as that of said Washingliquid.

2. The method which consists in treating a web with a parchmentizingliquid; therea after repeatedly passing the web through a body ofwashing liquid until the strength of the parchmentizing solution withinthe body of the web is substantially the same as that of said washingliquid; and repeatedly passing the web through a second body of washingliquid until its strength is the same as that of the parchmentizingliquid in the body of the web.

3. The method which consists in continuously parchmentizing a Web ofmaterial; Winding the parchmentized Web onto independent rolls;successively drawing the rolled sections of the web back and forththrough a plurality of independent baths of washing liquid; and finallyrolling up said sections of the web.

a. The method which consists in passing a web through a parchmentizingliquid; forming a roll of the parchmentized web; drawing said web fromsaid roll through a body of washing liquid; forming it into a secondroll while maintaining it at a constant tension; and thereafterrepeatedly passing the web through the body of washing liquid also whileit is maintained under constant tension until the strength of the liquidwithin the web is substantially the same as that of the washing liquid.

In witness whereof I aflix my signature.

JOHN M. TAYLOR.

